This article is written by Neeral Jain, a student of Chanakya National Law University.

INTRODUCTION

Right to Public Services enactment in India contains statutory laws which ensure time bound conveyance of administrations for different open administrations rendered by the Government to resident and gives instrument to rebuffing the errant open worker who is inadequate in giving the administration stipulated under the statute[1]. Right to Public Services enactment is a statutory law in India. The provisions in the enactment ensure time bound conveyance of administrations rendered by the Government to resident. The enactment is an instrument for rebuffing the errant open workers who are inadequate in giving the administration stipulated under the statute.  Right to Service enactment are intended to decrease defilement among the administration authorities and to expand straightforwardness and open responsibility[2].

Madhya Pradesh turned into the first state in India to establish Right to Service Act on 18 August 2010 and Bihar was the second to institute this bill on 25 July 2011[3]. Thereafter states like Delhi, Punjab, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Jharkhand have presented comparative enactment for effectuating the privilege of administration to the citizens.[4]

India has witnessed an encouraging momentum of people that got united against the cause of corruption led by Anna Hazare. While this moment emphasized on an overarching regulating body like the Lokpal in the centre and Lokayuktas in the states, there are other legislations that also bring the changes that is felt closer at home.

The crusade on improving public service delivery mechanisms was started in 1997, where in a conference of Chief Ministers of various states and union territories presided by the then Prime Minister, it was decided that both the central and state governments would formulate a citizen’s charter[5].

The crusade on improving public service delivery mechanisms was started in 1997. A conference was conducted that was presided by the Prime Minister and Chief Ministers of various states and union territories was present. In the conference it was decided that both central and state government would formulate citizen’s charter.

In 2002, the Government of India under the aegis of Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances set up a comprehensive website. While, this move was good in principle its implementation faced setbacks in terms of lack of will from the lethargic bureaucracy, lack of awareness, constant transfers of concerned officers as well as wrongful understanding of standards or norms relating to the service provided.

In 2005, the momentous Right to Information act was passed with the aim to make Indian governance more transparent.

Indian states have come a long way from the non-binding citizen charter to introducing legally binding legislations.  The legislation guarantees its citizen time bound delivery of select public services. In 2010, Madhya Pradesh was the first state under chief minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan to enact the Madhya Pradesh Lok Sewaon Ke Pradan Ki Guarantee Adhiniyam. The Thereafter 16 others states have adopted Right to Public services legislation.

Its been long that Bihar had been touted as India’s focal point of wasteful administration. Wild defilement, wastefulness and absence of straightforwardness in behavior of government issues had made subjects suspicious of and far off from the administration. The circumstance was surprisingly more terrible for the minimized, remote, uneducated and poorer segments of individuals. The improvement of such a disposition among citizens is undemocratic[6]. Be that as it may, with an adjustment in government in the state in 2005, in a state of harmony with an across the country expanding accentuation on great administration and government’s basic part being developed, Bihar is currently driving the path in inventive answers for citizens’ issues.

The Right to Service Act 2011, actualized on August 15, 2011, had made it required for the state government and its offices to stretch out administrations to individuals inside of a stipulated time outline. The Act as of now covers 30 administrations and 10 divisions. Authorities neglecting to meet the due date can confront punishments going from INR 500 to 5,000 also, rejection structure administration, in great cases. Data and Communication Technology devices have been used to make the procedure of usage and observing streamlined, debasement free, concentrated, and less work concentrated[7].

The essential segments of  ICT framework are Adhikar-administration conveyance, checking programming; systems for following applications; an Interactive Voice Reaction System wherein citizens will have the capacity to call a helpline-Samadhan-and get elucidations about their qualifications and administration secured under the Act, system for recording applications, track application status and join with Public Grievance Officers; there is likewise a procurement for on line applications and on line conveyance of administrations. Affirmation receipts are in a flash produced at the season of utilization accommodation, giving candidates with legitimate confirmation to guarantee redressal if there should be an occurrence of non-conveyance of administrations asked. Procurements for First and Second Appeals go about as security nets for the candidates and the punished Designated Public Officials.

THE BIHAR RIGHT TO PUBLIC SERVICE ACT, 2011

“The RTPSA is simply one more approach to check defilement and to give administrations to all areas inside of a restricted time. In a matter of a year, individuals can apply for administrations online and get endorsements online as well.”

—    SHRI NITISH KUMAR

Bihar has 50 informed administrations. These incorporate administrations deals in Commercial Tax office, Human Resource Department (Scholarships, imprint sheets, college verifications), Registration, issue of all licenses (not just copy duplicates) in Transport Department and choice of application for determination of holding in urban areas in the Urban Development Department.

Understanding the significance of the Act during an era when debasement has gotten the creative ability of the whole country. The administration’s turn to check defilement through the Act has painted an unconventional picture, particularly in the residential communities of the state, where individuals are unconscious about the law. In any case, the escape clauses in the Act are being abused as well.

Some salient features of the act are[8]:

• Bihar Right to Public Service Rules, 2011 introduced on August 15, 2011.
• Time bound conveyance of advised administrations to subjects as a privilege.
• Receipt for affirmation of use.
• Individual Designated Public Servants made responsible for conveyance of administrations.
• 50 administrations in 10 offices chose in the first stage.
• Provision for first and second requests, and audit if there should arise an occurrence of postponement or refusal of administration.
• Defaulting authorities to be punished INR 500 to 5000; distressed authority may request against punishment.
• Adoption of ICT devices for usage and observing of the system: Adhikar programming created in-house.
• Field level IT Managers, Assistants and Executive Assistants enlisted for overseeing the IT frameworks at diverse levels of organization.
• Provision for tracking applications.

An extraordinary component of the Act, is that not just the assigned officers why should assumed convey administrations to individuals would be certain to demonstration in time-bound way, there would be an altered time allotment for re-appraising and also the exploring powers for arranging off the applications got at their level. Secondly, under the Act, even lower level workers should have the privilege to claim in the event of malevolent conduct by their seniors in government divisions. Third, the essential component is that the poor execution of officers is   noticeable in their Annual Confidential Report (ACR), an urgent record for future advancements is needed[9]. The checking on powers, might be at the largest amount of usage for the Act, this would likewise need to submit definite reports to the cell to be set up at BPSM through messages. The cell would keep an eye by 4 software engineers and an IT chief, whose assignment would be to produce writes about the premise of inputs gave by government workplaces. Senior BPSM authorities would dissect the reports for surveying the execution of the officers.

The successful utilization of innovation in observing the advancement of this eager enactment would be significant in observing how far it goes and how affective it gets over the long haul. The move has as of now made a significant shudder in the force hallways of Bihar. For degenerate authorities, it is frenzy time[10]. Some may challenge this as ‘hanging a sword over your head’ system, however has been  inot the right approach to realize the wanted changes. Then again, one must not overlook that Bihar is that state which has experienced maladministration, debasement and an overall population observation that the administration hardware simply doesn’t work for a really long time. For the Bihar government, this is best stride forward to introduce a time of highly required responsibility in the state.

A government hospital will have to issue a post-mortem report in three days, and the electricity department must repair a breakdown in an urban area within six hours. Caste, income and domicile certificates have to be issued within 30 days. Social security pension issues must be settled within 42 days, and educational institutes will have to respond  to requests for a scholarship scheme within 30 days from the date of  application[11].

The perennially tardy electricity department has been given a detailed timeframe for providing various services: power connection within 30 days, bill correction within 24 days, fuse repair within  four hours (urban) and 24 hours (rural), and power breakdown repair within six  hours (urban) and 36 hours (rural)[12].

SOME OF THE BENEFITS OF BIHAR RIGHT TO PUBLIC SERVICE ACT, 2011[13]

There are mostly three benefits of the Bihar Right to Public Service Act, 2011. Here are the following benefits:-

1. Free-of-cost Tatkal Service

As indicated by a request issued by general organization office (GAD) on Dec. 27, 2013, three critical testaments – station, residential and wage—can be obtained inside of two working days from January 15, 2014, all through Bihar by appealing to under ‘Tatkal Service’ to the concerned circle officer (CO) under the Right to Public Service (RTPS) Act. These declarations are of extraordinary significance for adolescents, particularly those fitting in with reservation classes, in light of the fact that they need to submit them either while applying for occupation or at the season of meeting or joining into administrations. In the state level meeting held on December, 24 it was announced that, “Area level nodal officers and IT chiefs were given preparing about the new procurements identified with Tatkal administration and the progressions being made in “Adhikar” programming”.

For preparing the piece level officers in the locale, Bihar Prashasnik Sudhar Mission provided likewise duplicates of PowerPoint. DMs have been requested to guarantee that all fundamental data/registration relating to Tatkal administration are legitimately shown at the notification board at every circle and square office in the state. The circle officer of concerned circle was to be referred as ‘Lok Sewak’ under the procurements of RTPS Act to give the three testaments under the Tatkal administration. The circle officers can be fined or rebuffed in the event that he/she neglects to convey position, private and salary endorsements inside of two working days under the Tatkal administration. The game plan of issuing rank, private and pay testaments in ordinary course will, in any case, keep on running parallel obviously. Thus, the procurement of claim will likewise proceed obvious!

1. Internal computerized processes to accelerate delivery of citizen services

In an offer to convey better subject administrations and look after straightforwardness, the Bihar government has chosen to make an Information Technology guide for all the administration divisions so that subject administrations could be set aside a few minutes. Land Revenue authorities have been coordinated to upgrade and digitize area records utilizing IT.

C.Penalty

Authorities neglecting to meet the due date could confront praiseworthy punishment of Rs 500 every day to a most extreme of Rs 5,000.

SOME OF THE DEFECTS OF BIHAR RIGHT TO PUBLIC SERVICE ACT, 2011

“This law comes into play only after submission of documents at if the officials don’t even accept your documents unless you bribe them?” no citation

There are mainly three defects in the Bihar Right to Public Service Act, 2011. These are the following defects.

1. Public wary, officials reluctant

Low public awareness consolidated with wavering on some portion of the authorities implies that from each of the 22 locale of the state not many objections have been gotten under the RTS Act. The enactment accommodates a Right to Service Commission which has the forces of amendment against the requests of second re-appraising power. RTS Act is a work in advancement yet asserts that strides are being taken to connect with the general population by conveying the data booklets and leaflets. “A reason that we have gotten only a couple of grumblings under the RTS Act is that the commission is a third redressal body in the entire procedure and huge numbers of the protestations may be getting sorted out at the levels of the first and second investigative powers,” No citation

1. Bribery still prevails

Low pay rates are not by any means the only motivator for an open authority to act corruptly and the general population components go well past the possibility of money related prize (OECD 2007). A generously compensated open division supervisor will have distinctive individual weights than a counter assistant or a government official and may at present be helpless to debasement. Motivating forces likewise exist on the non-government or “supply” side of a degenerate exchange. These have been depicted as an apparent need to, either, pay for advantages, for example, licenses or open lodging, or to pay to maintain a strategic distance from expenses, for example, charge or an administrative punishment (Rose-Ackerman 1998) or to level an apparent out of line acquisition process (OECD 2007). However, given that not everybody why should obliged pay expense or a fine resorts to pay off, ought to these cases be better considered as open doors for defilement? The time when they additionally provide a motivating force may show where aversion mediation may be successful, for example, where the impost is lopsided, out of line or capricious[14].

 This law comes into play only after submission of application. What if the officials don’t even accept your documents unless you bribe them? They usually point out one mistake or another in your application making you run from one end to another. Also, those who are supposed to look into your complaint already know that this racket is running and most of the time they are also a part of it. RTS is not an absolute solution to the menace of corruption. “The corrupt would still find means to extract money and the willing public would continue to pay them but the practice would definitely be reduced”, no citation

1. Unaddressed deficiencies 

An online framework to direct the execution has been recently added. At present, the applications got at Suvidha Kendras in distinctive locale are observed by particular representative officials yet not all applications under the RTPS Act are made through.

Deficiency of staff is another issue which is yet to be dealt with. The very motivation behind acquainting the Right With Service Act is crushed when enough staff individuals are not there. The time-bound conveyance will just add to the weight of existing staff. Enrollment is a long drawn procedure and Bihar Government is currently employing more staff to convey general society benefits soon. On the other hand, individuals are not fulfilled by the grievance redressal as visualized under the Act. The fundamental thought process of any open welfare enactment is guaranteeing administrations to individuals without much bother. In any case, the Bihar RTS Act is prosecution inclined as the complainant should travel between various redrafting authorities and that too in the same office before coming to the proposed free commission.

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

Understanding the significance of the Act during an era when defilement has gotten the creative ability of the whole country, Nitish Kumar says, “The RTPSA is simply one more approach to control debasement and to give administrations to all areas inside of a restricted time. In a matter of a year, individuals can apply for administrations online and get declarations online as well.” The administration’s turn to check defilement through the Act has painted a particular picture, particularly in the residential communities of the state, where individuals are ignorant about the law. Be that as it may, the escape clauses in the Act are being abused as well.

Arun Kumar Singh, Public Prosecutor and a senior JD(U) pioneer said in B&E that “The exertion in killing defilement through the Act is excellent. On the other hand, degenerate authorities have discovered certain lacunae and are conveying their work just in the time period imagined by the administration”.. However, there are some promising stories as well. In Muzaffarpur, 145 applications for distinctive administrations were discarded inside of a day, claims Bharat Dubeya, Director of the District Rural Development Agency (DRDA). Further he said that,” regardless of escape clauses, the locale headquarter is certain to convey its obligations taking a gander at the issues of the applicant. Work here is going smooth. There may be some lacunae, yet they will be killed soon.”. In another occurrence in Sitamarhi region of Bihar, some school understudies arrived at the workplace of the Superintendent of Police (SP) to grumble that their character endorsements were not being discharged by the concerned powers. The matter was dire as the understudies required the testaments inside of 4 days. At the point when SP Rakesh Rathi learnt of the circumstance, he guaranteed that the records were conveyed around the same time by 5pm. This was a significant case of an authority venturing into guarantee that sure procurements of the Act don’t breed untruthfulness amongst state authorities.

A special component of the Act is that not just the assigned officers why should gathered convey administrations to individuals would be certain to demonstration in time-bound way, there would be a settled time period for re-appraising and additionally the inspecting powers for arranging off the applications got at their level. Under the Act, even lower level representatives have the privilege to advance if there should be an occurrence of malicious conduct by their seniors in government divisions. Another significant component is that the poor execution of officers would be unmistakable in their Annual Confidential Report (ACR), a vital record for future advancements. The assessing powers, that might be at the most elevated amount of usage of the Act, would likewise need to submit nitty gritty reports to the cell to be set up at BPSM through messages. The cell would be kept an eye on by 4 developers and an IT administrator, whose undertaking would be to create gives an account of the premise of inputs gave by government workplaces. Senior BPSM authorities would dissect the reports for surveying the execution of the officers.

The powerful utilization of innovation in checking the advancement of this eager enactment will be essential to how far it goes and how affecting it gets to be over the long haul. The move has as of now made a significant vacillate in the force halls of Bihar. For degenerate authorities, it is frenzy time. Some may challenge this ‘hanging a sword over your head’ component is not the right approach to realize the wanted changes. On the other hand, one must not overlook that Bihar is that state which has experienced maladministration, debasement and an overall population discernment that the administration apparatus simply doesn’t work for a really long time. For the Bihar government, this is best stride forward to introduce a time of greatly required responsibility in the state apparatus.

[1] Bihar Right to Public Services Act, 2011

[2] The Uttarakhand Right to Service Act, 2011

[3] Himachal Pradesh Public Services Guarantee Act, 2011

[4] Madhya Pradesh Lok Sewaon Ke Pradan Ki Guarantee Adhiniyam, 2010

[5] Time-bound delivery of Public Services now a reality?!, Polity In India – India As An Evolving Polity, available at https://polityinindia.wordpress.com/tag/bihar-right-to-public-services-act/ , retrieved on 08/11/15.

[6] Citizens’ Right To Public Service, One World Foundation India, available at http://gad.bih.nic.in/Documents/GAD-BP-RTPS.pdf, retrieved on 08/11/15.

[7] Ibid 5.

[8] Citizens’ Right To Public Service, One World Foundation India, page no. 5, available at http://gad.bih.nic.in/Docu ments/GAD-BP-RTPS.pdf retrieved on 10/11/15.

[9] Policy-BIHAR: RIGHT TO PUBLIC SERVICE ACT, 2011, IIPM Editorial, 2012, available at http://best-blogonblogger.blogspot.in/2012/07/policy-bihar-right-to-public-service.html, retrieved on 10/11/15

[10] Ibid 9.

[11] Bihar govt guarantees citizens’ right to services, The  Indian Express, January   11, 2010, available at http://infochangeindia.org/governance/news/bihar-govt-guarantees-citizens-right-to-services.html, retrieved on 10/11/15.

[12] Ibid 8.

[13] Right to Public Services A Guide, S K Agarwal, Transparency Intercitizen India the coalition against corruption, available at http://www.transparencyindia.org/resource/books/rts.pdf, retrieved on 11/11/15.

[14] Causes Of Corruption In Public Sector Institutions And Its Impact On Development: Turning What We Know Into What We Do, available at http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un-dpadm/unpan049589.pdf, retrieved on 11/11/15.