This article is written by Tinkle Chawla. This article will present to the readers all the important facts regarding the CUET PG LLM 2024 vis-a-vis DU LLM 2024. This will include the important dates, steps to fill in the application fees, the procedure to submit the fees, eligibility criteria, syllabus, recommended books, and all the necessary guidelines in an exhaustive manner for the convenience of the candidates.

CUET PG LLM 2024

Do you miss appearing for CLAT? 

Didn’t get enough marks to grab a seat in any NLU?

Are you looking for another renowned college/university where you can fulfil your dream of Pursuing PG in law?

Would you like to study in one of the most esteemed institutes of law?

If yes, then you are at the right blog. Here’s a chance to register yourself for another great opportunity.

CUET PG 2024, a distinguished entrance exam designed for admission to various post graduate programmes, including LLM. Delhi University is one such esteemed university that accepts admission via marks scored in CUET PG.

In 2023, approximately 877,000 students participated in the CUET PG, and a similar amount is anticipated for the CUET LLM exam this year. Some also opt for traditional law PG exams like CLAT PG, LSAT India, AILET LLM, etc.

LLM, or Master of Laws, is a globally recognised postgraduate program. Students from LLB backgrounds are more suitable for this program, who are looking to develop their legal expertise in a particular component of law.

Master of Laws or LLM is a 2 years postgraduate degree in law. LLM helps to gain in-depth knowledge of a particular field of law through intensive research in that field of law. LLM has a comprehensive core curriculum of various subjects of law, such as Legal Research and Methodology, Constitutionalism, etc.

Why LLM

After graduating from a law college, it is recommended to pursue Master of Laws as well, for it prepares you to specialise in a particular field of law and may initiate your career in future. There are few top reasons to pursue LLM program, as mentioned below:

• Specialisation in one subject
• Narrowing down the interests
• Most top firms require an LLM degree to be a partner
• Makes one eligible to apply for a lectureship in law schools
• Makes one eligible to apply for a Ph.D.
• UGC-NET qualification will become invalid if, within 2 years of qualifying the same LLM is not completed.
• Pursue a career in Legal Writing and Research
• Prepares one for an international career
• Also, it can get you a hike in salary and more opportunities will knock at your door. 

LLM from Delhi University (DU)

The University of Delhi offers a full-time LLM program of two to three years duration at the postgraduate level. This course is offered by the Campus Law Centre under DU. For the selection of this course, candidates are required to appear for the entrance exam conducted by the university. LLM admissions are conducted online. The entrance exam is CUET PG which is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) and considered by DU to grant admission to this course.

Detailed information about the LLM course, its admission, entrance exam, syllabus, eligibility criteria, and more such information is covered in this article along with certain important frequently asked questions (FAQs) to clear doubts (if any).

DU LLM program objectives 

The LLM program at DU is aimed at achieving certain objectives. The program objectives are as follows:

• Appraising students of the legal system, rule of law and administration of justice.
• Familiarising students with laws and judicial interpretations at the national and international level.
• Promoting interdisciplinary approach to the legal profession.
• Promoting ethical practices in the profession of law.
• Producing internationally competent litigating lawyers, corporate lawyers, judges, judicial officers, researchers, law teachers, etc.
• Sensitising students towards the issues of access to justice for the deprived, marginalised, and weaker sections of the society.
• Imparting skills of legal reasoning, problem solving, research, legal writing, communication skills, persuasion, leadership and teamwork.’

Eligibility for DU LLM program admissions

1. LLM is for Indian students.
2. There is no age limit as to who can pursue LLM. .
3. LLM (Two Year) is a full time course, and students seeking admission in this course are required to file an affidavit stating that they are not engaged in any trade, business, occupation, profession, or employment and will be studying the course on full time basis as per rules contained in the Delhi University Ordinances. LLM (Three Year) course is open to working persons also.
4. The admissions to LLM (Two and Three year program) are made strictly on the basis of merit in the LLM Entrance Exam.
5. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

• A Three year/ Five year LLB Degree from the University of Delhi or any other Indian or foreign University recognized as equivalent by the University of Delhi is the qualifying degree for appearing on the LLM Entrance Exam.
• Candidates appearing for the qualifying degree examination are also eligible to appear in the LLM Entrance Exam.
•  No candidate on the roll of LLM or ex-students of any University shall be allowed to take admission in the LLM course unless they get their admission cancelled.

6. MINIMUM QUALIFYING MARKS

• For unreserved and EWS Category candidates, at least 50% marks or an equivalent grade point in the aggregate in the qualifying degree examination.
• For SC/ST/OBC/CW/PwD Category candidates, at least 45% marks or an equivalent grade point in the aggregate in the qualifying degree examination.
• Rounding of a fraction of marks is not allowed.

Fees for DU LLM program

DU remains one of the most reputed universities which offers affordable education regardless of any stream. The DU LLM fees include library fees (including e-resources), tuition fees, case material for various subjects of law revised by the faculty members, journal fees, development fees, etc.

The fees stands around 11-15k for the entire duration of the course.

DU LLM seat intake 2024

Delhi University offers a total of 125 seats for the LLM program. Candidates can check the seat allotment category wise distribution mentioned in the table below:

Serial No.	Category	2 Year LLM	3 Year LLM	Total
1	UR	27	24	51
2	OBC	18	16	34
3	SC	10	09	19
4	ST	05	04	09
5	EWS	07	05	12
	Total	67	58	125
Supernumerary seats	PwD	03	03	06
	CW	03	03	06
	FN	03	03	06
	Grand Total	76	67	143

Apart from the seats, there are few supernumerary seats also as given in the table above.

CUET PG LLM Entrance Examination 2024: Overview

The table below gives an overview on various particulars and details on the LLM course at Delhi University.

Particulars	Details
Name of the Examination	Common University Entrance Test (PG 2024)
Examination conducting body	National Testing Agency (NTA)
Frequency of exam	Once a year
Exam Level	National Level
List of Central and participating Universities	142
No. of colleges offering LLM	54
Mode of Examination	online
Exam Duration	2 hours (120 minutes)
Types of questions	Objective (MCQs)
Mode of Exam	Computer based exam (CBT)
Official Website	https://pgcuet.samarth.ac.in/
Exam Code	COQP14

CUET PG LLM Entrance Exam details

Syllabus for the Entrance exam 2024

The admissions to DU LLM (two-year and three-year) program are made strictly on the basis of merit in the LLM Entrance Exam, i.e., CUET PG LLM. The paper consists of one question paper containing 100 objective-type questions with multiple choice answers relating to the following subjects:

1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA

• UNIT I – Salient Features of the Indian Constitution, Preamble, Citizenship, and Fundamental Rights as contained in Part III of the Constitution.
• UNIT II – Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties, Parliamentary form of  Government, Bicameralism, Legislative Process, Council of Ministers, President of India, Governor. 
• UNIT III – Judicial process under the Constitution, Process of Judicial Review, as under Arts. 32, 226 and 227, Court system in India, Judges‐ Appointments, conditions of service, salary, etc., Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, Public Interest Litigation, comparison between Activism and Restraint. 
• UNIT IV – Federalism, Center‐State Relations, Freedom of Inter-State Trade, Methods and limitations on Constitutional Amendment.
• UNIT V – Emergency provisions, Services under the State, Liability of the State.

2. JURISPRUDENCE

• UNIT – I Meaning and nature of ‘Jurisprudence’ ‐ Purpose and value of Jurisprudence ‐schools of Jurisprudence: Natural law, Imperative theory, Legal Realism, Historical school, Sociological school. 
• UNIT – II Functions and purpose of law, Questions based upon law, fact and discretion, Justice and its types, Civil and Criminal administration of justice, theories of punishment, Functions of the court- primary and secondary.
• UNIT– III A comparative study on sources of Law- Legislation, Precedent and Custom.
• UNIT– IV Concepts of Right and Duty, Kinds and meaning of right in its wider sense, concept of Possession.
• UNIT – V Conditions for imposing liability ‐ Wrongful act such as Damnum Sine Injuria, causation, concept of mens rea, intention, malice, negligence and recklessness, strict liability, vicarious liability.

3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CONTRACT

• UNIT I – History – Formation of Contract, Agreement and Contract, Definitions, Classification of contracts, Offer and Acceptance, Communication, Revocation, Essential elements, concept of Invitation to Offer, Tenders, Nudum Pactum, Privity of contract and consideration, Exceptions, Unlawful Consideration and its effect, Contractual ability, Electronic documents such as web pages, Digital Certificates, Time and place of contract, Secured custody of electronic records.
• UNIT II – Capacity to Contract – Minor’s Agreements and its effects, Persons of unsound mind, Persons disqualified by Law, Free consent, Coercion, Undue influence, Misrepresentation, Fraud, Mistake, Legality of object, Void agreements, Agreements against public policy, Wagering agreements, Its exceptions, Contingent contracts. 
• UNIT III – Discharge of Contracts and its various Modes – by performance, by agreement and by operation of law, Time and place of performance, reciprocal promises, Appropriation of Payments, By frustration (Impossibility of Performance), By breach (Anticipatory and Actual). 
• UNIT IV – Remedies for Breach of Contracts – Damages, Remoteness of damages , Ascertainment of damages, Injunction, Restitution, Specific performance when granted, Quasi contracts. 
• UNIT V – The Specific Relief Act Nature of Specific Relief – Recovery of possession of movable and immovable property, Specific performance of contracts,  Who may obtain specific performance and against whom, Discretionary remedy, Power of court to grant relief, Rectification of instruments, Cancellation, Declaratory decrees , Preventive relief, Temporary injunctions, Perpetual and Mandatory Injunctions, Government as a contracting party, Constitutional provisions, Government powers to contract, Procedural requirements, Kinds of Government contracts, performance of such contract, settlement of disputes and remedies.

4. ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

• UNIT – Nature and scope of Administrative law, Relation with Constitutional law, concept of Separation of powers, Rule of law, Council d’Etat, Classification of administration action,  its functions, Administrative direction and discretion.
• UNIT –II Legislative power of the administration, Extent of delegation and control over delegated Legislation, Sub‐delegation, Judicial, Parliamentary control over delegated Legislation. 
• UNIT ‐III Judicial power of Administration,  Principles of Natural justice, Effect of non‐compliance with principles of natural justice, exceptions.
• UNIT – IV Judicial control of administrative action,Writs, Public and Private law review of administrative action, Liability of state, Torts, Contract, Promissory Estoppel‐Government privileges, Right of information, Doctrine of Legitimate expectation, Doctrine of Accountability, Doctrine of Proportionality. 
• UNIT –V Corporations and Public undertaking, Commission of enquiry, Ombudsman in India (Lokpal and Lokayuktha), Central Vigilance Commission, Parliamentary Committees Civil services in India, Accountability and responsibility, Administrative deviance, Corruption, concept of Mal‐ administration, Control mechanism of accountability. 

5. Law of Torts

• UNIT‐I Evolution of law of torts‐ Nature and scope of law of torts; Meaning; Torts distinguished from Contract; Crime‐ Development of Ubi jus ibis Remedios; Mental elements Intention, Motive, Malice in law and in fact.
• UNIT‐II General Defense, Vicarious Liability.
• UNIT‐III Negligence; Nuisance; Absolute and Strict liability. Legal Remedies, Awards, Remoteness of damage. 
• UNIT‐IV Torts against person, Assault, Battery, Mayhem and False Imprisonment; Torts affecting reputation‐Libel and Slander, Torts affecting freedom, Malicious prosecution, Malicious civil action and Abuse of Legal process, Torts affecting domestic and other rights‐Marital rights, Parental rights, Rights to Service, Intimidation and Conspiracy, Torts against property. 
• UNIT‐ V Consumer Protection Act, 1986 

6. PROPERTY LAW

• UNIT – I General principles of Transfer of Property by Act, Concept and meaning of immovable property, Transferable Immovable Property, competency of persons to transfer, method and effect of transfer, Conditions restraining alienation and restrictions repugnant to the interest created, rule against perpetuity, its exceptions, Vested and Contingent interest. 
• UNIT – II Doctrine of election, transfer by ostensible and co‐owner, Apportionment, Priority of rights, Rent paid to holder with defective title, Improvements made by bonafide holder, Doctrine of Lis pendens, Fraudulent transfer, concept of part‐performance. 
• UNIT – III concept of mortgage of immovable property, Kinds of mortgages and their features, Rights and liabilities of mortgagor and mortgagee, Priority of securities, concept of Marshalling and contribution, Charges. 
• UNIT – IV Sale of immovable property,  Rights and liabilities of seller and buyer before and after completion of sale, Difference between sale and contract for sale, Leases of immovable property,  definition and principle behind creation of lease, rights and liabilities of lessor and lessee, concept of holding over; Exchange- Definition and mode, Actionable Claims, Gifts- Scope, types of gifts- universal, onerous. Mode of transfer.
• UNIT – V Law of Trusts with Fiduciary Relations: Definitions of Trust and its comparison with other relationships like Debt, Ownership, Bailment, Agency and Contract, types of Trusts, Creation of Trust, Appointment of Trustees, Duties and Liabilities of Trustees, Rights and Powers of Trustees, Disabilities of Trustee, Rights and Liabilities of the Beneficiary, Vacating the office of trustee and Extinction of Trusts. 

7. CRIMINAL LAW, JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2000 AND PROBATION OF OFFENDERS ACT, 1958

• UNIT – I Introductory and Pre‐trial process, Meaning, organisation and hierarchy of the functionaries under the Code, their duties, functions and powers, First Information Report, complaint, Arrest, Types of trials and features of a fair trial.
• UNIT ‐II Trial Process‐I- Magisterial powers to take cognizance, Commencement of proceedings, Dismissal of complaints, Charge, Processes to compel appearance and production of things, Bail, Preliminary ways to bar trial.
• UNIT ‐ III Trial Process‐II: Provisions as to Inquiries and Trials, Judgment, Appeals, Revision and Reference, Security for keeping peace and good behaviour, concept of Maintenance with relevant case studies.
• UNIT ‐ IV Miscellaneous: Transfer of cases, Execution, suspension, remission and commutation of sentences, Disposal of property, Preventive action of the police, Irregular proceedings, Limitation of taking cognizance, Compounding of offences and plea bargaining, Criminal rules and implementation. 
• UNIT ‐ V 1. Salient features of the Juvenile Justice (Care & Protection of Children) Act, 2000. 
• 2. Salient features of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958. 

8. FAMILY LAW I: HINDU LAW

• UNIT – Introduction ‐ Concept of Dharma , Sources of Hindu law including both Modern and Ancient, Importance of Dharma Shastra on legislation, Two principal schools of Hindu Law, Application.
• UNIT – II Evolution of the institution of Marriage and Family, Law Prior to Hindu Marriage Act, in depth study of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 ‐Matrimonial Remedies ,Maintenance and Alimony, Customary Practices and law relating to dowry prohibition. 
• UNIT – III concept of Hindu undivided family , concept of Mitakshara joint family, Property under both Schools, who is a Karta, his position, Powers, Privileges and Obligations, concept of Debts –Doctrine of Pious Obligation, Partition, Religious and Charitable Endowment. 
• UNIT – IV Inheritance and Succession ‐ Historical perspective of Hindu Law relating to Inheritance, in depth study of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, principle behind Stridhana‐ Woman’s Property, Recent amendments to Hindu Succession Act by Centre and State, Gifts and Testamentary Succession, Wills. 
• UNIT – V Law relating to Hindu Minority and Guardianship: Kinds of Guardians, Duties & Powers of Guardians, Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956, Maintenance, Rights under Hindu Adoption & Maintenance Act 1956. 

9. FAMILY LAW II: MOHAMMEDAN LAW AND INDIAN SUCCESSION ACT

• UNIT‐I Development and Advent of Islam, formation of Muslim Law, Schools of Islamic Law, the Shariat Act, 1937, Concept of Marriage: Definition, object, nature, essential requirements of a Muslim marriage, classification of marriage, Legal effects of valid, void and irregular marriage, Muta marriage, Sources of Islamic law, Customary practices and State regulation, Polygamy, Child marriage, Pre‐emption, Wakf Board, Dower. 
• UNIT‐II Conversion and its consequences on family, Marriage, Guardianship, Succession, Legitimacy, Custody, Guardianship, rights of parents, concept of maintenance.
• UNIT‐III Matrimonial Remedies under Islamic Law and Indian Divorce Act, 1869(Amended Act), Nullity of marriage ‐ Bar to matrimonial relief, Alimony and Maintenance as an independent remedy‐  review under Muslim law, detailed study of Indian Divorce Act, 1869, provisions under the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973; Maintenance of divorced Muslim Women under the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986. 
• UNIT‐IV Will and Inheritance: Will‐ Meaning, difference between will and gift, Will made in death bed or during illness; Muslim law of Inheritance‐ Shia and Sunni schools; Distribution of property under Indian Succession Act of 1925(Of Christians, Parsis and Jews) ‐ Domicile ‐ Parsis Intestate succession and Non Parsis Intestate succession, Succession certificate, Probate and letters of administration, powers and duties of executor. 
• UNIT‐V Wills – Privileged and unprivileged wills ‐ Construction of Wills in brief ‐ Void bequests, void wills, kinds of legacies ‐ Protection of property of the deceased; Family Courts Act, 1984‐ Constitution, powers, and its functions; Need for Uniform Civil Code‐ Article 44 of Indian Constitution.

10. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW

• UNIT‐I Nature, definition, origin and basis of International law; Sources of International law; Relationship between Municipal and International law; Subjects of International law. 
• UNIT‐ II States as subjects of International Law: States in general; Recognition; State territorial sovereignty. 
• UNIT –III State Jurisdiction: Law of the sea; State responsibility; Succession to rights and obligations. 
• UNIT – IV State and Individual ‐ Extradition, Asylum and Nationality; the agents of international business; diplomatic envoys, consuls and other representatives; the law and practice as to treaties.
• UNIT – V United Nations Organization ‐ Principal organs and their functions; World Trade Organization‐ Main features; International Labor Organization. 

11. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW

• UNIT I Introductory Aspects: Overview of the concept of property; Industrial property and non‐industrial property; Historical background of IPR; Importance of human creativity in present scenario; Different forms of IP and its conceptual analysis. Patents: Introduction and overview of patent protection; History of Patent protections; What is patent and definition of patent; Object of patent; Scope and salient features of patent; How to obtain patent; Product patent and Process patent; Specification – Provisional and complete specification; Procedure for patent applications; Register of patents and Patent office; Rights and obligations of patentee; Transfer of Patent Rights; Government use of inventions; Biotech patents and patentability of life forms; Infringement of Patents; Offences and Penalties. 
• UNIT II Trade Marks: Introduction and overview of trade mark; Evolution of trade mark law; Object of trade mark; Features of good trade mark; Different forms of trade mark; Trade mark registry and register of trademarks; Property in a trade mark; Registrable and non-registrable marks; Basic principles of registration of trade mark; Deceptive similarity; Assignment and transmission; Rectification of register; Infringement of trade mark; Passing off; Domain name protection and registration; Offences and penalties. 
• UNIT III Introduction and overview of Cyber Intellectual Property; Intellectual property and cyberspace; Emergence of cyber-crime; Grant in software patent and Copyright in software; Software piracy. Trademarks issues related to Internet (Domain name); Data protection in cyberspace; E‐commerce and E‐ contract; Salient features of Information Technology Act; IPR provisions in IT Act; Internet policy of Government of India. 
• UNIT IV Geographical Indications: Introduction and overview of geographical indications; Meaning and scope of geographical indications; Important geographical indications of India and their features; Salient features of the Protection of Geographical Indications Act; Protection of geographical indications; Misleading use of geographical indications; Registration of geographical indications; Right to use geographical indications; Infringement; Remedies against infringement; Role and functions of Registrar of Geographical indication; Conflict between Trade mark and geographical indications. 
• UNIT V International Convention and Treaties: Paris Convention: Background; Salient features of Paris Convention; Governing rules of Paris Convention; Patent Cooperation Treaty: Background; Objectives of PCT; Salient features of PCT; Madrid Convention: Salient features; International registration of marks; World Intellectual Property Organization: Background; Salient features WIPO; Organization of WIPO.

12.  PENOLOGY & VICTIMOLOGY 

• UNIT – I Introduction: Notion of punishment in law; Difference between crime prevention and control; Theories of punishments. 
• UNIT ‐ II Kinds of punishment; Sentencing policies and processes; the riddle of capital punishment. 
• UNIT ‐III Prison reforms; Alternatives to imprisonment; Victimology‐ Introduction, history and philosophy. 
• UNIT – IV Victimology‐ European experience; American experience; Victim witness assistance program; Restitution. 
• UNIT – V Victimology ‐ Indian experience; Legal framework; Role of Courts; Role of NHRC.

13. INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES & PRINCIPLES OF LEGISLATION 

• UNIT‐I Basic Principles; Guiding Rules; Internal aids to construction. 
• UNIT‐II External aids to construction. 
• UNIT‐III Subsidiary rules; Operation of statutes; Expiry and repeal of statutes.
• UNIT‐IV Statutes affecting the state; Statutes affecting the jurisdiction of courts. Construction of taxing statutes and evasion of statutes; Remedial and penal statutes.
• UNIT‐V Principles of Legislation. 

14. ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

• UNIT – I The Idea of Environment: Ancient and Mediaeval Writings, Traditions, Natural and Biological Sciences – Perspectives: Modern concept, Conflicting dimensions, recent issues ‐Environment and sustainable development ‐ National and International Perspectives ‐ Population and Development. 
• UNIT– II Environmental Policy and Law: Environmental Policy: Pre & Post Independence Period; From Stockholm to Johannesburg Declaration (Rio) and Role of Government ‐ Five year Plans ‐ Forest Policy ‐ Conservation strategy ‐ Water Policy; Conservation of Natural Resources and its Management; Constitution and Environment: Right to Environment ‐ Constitutional provisions on Environment and its Protection ‐ Role of Judiciary on Environmental issues ‐ Evolving of new Principles ‐ Polluter pays principle ‐ Precautionary principle ‐ Public trust doctrine. 
• UNIT ‐ III International Law and Environmental Protection: International conventions in the development of Environmental Laws and its Policy ‐ From Stockholm to recent conventions (Special Emphasis on Major Conventions & Protocols) ‐ Control on Marine Pollution; Common Law aspects of Environmental Protection; Remedies under other Laws (I.P.C., C.D.C., C.P.C.) ‐ Riparian rights and prior‐appropriation.
• UNIT – IV Prevention and Control of Pollution: Pollution of Water, Sources, Legal Control, The Water Act,1974 ‐ Pollution of Air, Modalities of control, The Air Act, 1981 ‐ Noise Pollution and its control, Noise Pollution control order ‐ Disposal of Waste, laws on waste, disposal and its control ‐ Transboundary Pollution hazards & Regulation; Biological Diversity and Legal Order: Bio‐diversity and Legal regulation ‐ Utilisation of flora and fauna ‐ Experimentation on animals ‐ Legal and Ethical issues ‐ Genetic Engineering ‐ Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 ‐ Forest Conservation Act, 1980 ‐ Prevention of Cruelty against animals ‐ Problems in Legal regulation of medicinal plants ‐ The Plant Varieties Act ‐ Wetland Conservation. 
• UNIT ‐ V Environment Protection Act, 1986 including, Environment Protection Rules, Coastal Zone Regulation, ECO‐Mark, Environment Impact Assessment, Environmental Audit, Public Participation in Environmental decision-making, Environment information, public hearing, Regulation on Bio‐Medical Waste. 

15. COMPANY LAW

• UNIT – I The Companies Act, Corporate Personality and its kinds, Promoters – Registration and Incorporation, M O A 
• UNIT – II AOA, Prospectus, Directors, Meetings, Role of Company Secretary, Dividend, Brief analysis of corporate ethics. 
• UNIT – III Issue of shares, Types of shares, Debentures, Procedure for allotment of shares and debentures, share capital, Rights and privileges of shareholders, Preventions of Oppression and Mismanagement, Different modes of winding up of companies. 
• UNIT ‐ IV SEBI Act, 1992; Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 and Rules.
• UNIT ‐ V FEMA Act, 1999; Competition Act, 2002; Brief introduction to BPO & LPO

16. LABOUR LAW

• UNIT‐ I Introduction to Law of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947: Historical Aspects‐Master and slave relationship‐Industrial revolution‐Laissez‐faire state‐Impact of Constitution on Labor provision; Definition and law relating to Appropriate Government‐ Award and settlement‐ Industry‐Industrial Dispute‐ Workman. Strikes and Lock‐out 
• UNIT –II Industrial Disputes Act, 1947: Lay‐off, Retrenchment, Closure, Unfair Labor Practices and Role Of Government; Authorities under the Act (Chapter II) to be read with chapters II B, III and IV Adjudication And Arbitration; Restrictions on the right of the employer‐ Chapter IIA‐Notice of change, section 11‐A and sections 33,33A, Recovery of money due from an employer. Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act,1946 and Disciplinary Enquiry 
• UNIT‐III Trade Unions Act, 1926: Salient features of the enactment and important definitions, Registration Of Unions, Amalgamation of Unions, Cancellation and Registration of Trade Unions, Funds of the Union, Immunity enjoyed by the Union. Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923: Emergence of the legislation‐Total And partial disablement, Dependent‐Workman‐Wages‐Liability of the employer to pay compensation and right of the workman to receive compensation‐Accident “Arising out of and in the course of employment” ‐Occupational Disease‐Doctrine of ‘Added peril.’ 
• UNIT –IV Labor Welfare Legislations: The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948: Corporation, Standing Committee and Medical Benefit Council; Contributions; Benefits; Adjudication of disputes and Claims; Penalties. The Employees Provident Fund Act, 1952: Employees Provident Fund Scheme and Authorities; Miscellaneous. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961‐ object and its scope. 
• UNIT‐V Minimum Wages Act, 1948‐ Fixation of minimum rates of wages, working hours and determination of wages and claims The Factories Act‐ its essential features, Safety, Health and Welfare measures. The Contract Labor (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 ‐ object and its essential features.

17. CLINICAL COURSE‐I: PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTING SYSTEM 

• UNIT-I The legal profession and its responsibilities; The equipment of the lawyer; Conduct in court; Professional conduct in general, Privileges of a lawyer, Salient features of the Advocates Act, 1961. 
• UNIT-II Duty to the court, Duty to the profession, Duty to the opponent; Duty to the client, Duty to the self, Duty to the public and the state.
• UNIT-III Contempt of Court Act, 1972 Selected major judgments of the Supreme Court: 

1. In the matter of D, An Advocate, AIR 1956 SC 102. 

2. P. J. Ratnam v. D. Kanikaram, AIR1964 SC 244. 

3. N. B. Mirza v. Disciplinary committee of Bar Council of Maharashtra and Another, AIR 1972 SC 

4. Bar Council of Maharashtra v. M. V. Dabholkar, etc., AIR 1976 SC 242. 

5. V. C. Rangadurai v. D. Golan and others, AIR 1979 SC 201. 

6. Chandra Shekhar Soni v. Bar Council of Rajasthan and Others, AIR 1983 SC 1012. 

7. In Re an Advocate, AIR 1989 SC 245. 

8. In Re Vinay Chandra Mishra, 1995 (Vol-I) IBR 118. 

9. Supreme Court Bar Association v. Union of India, AIR 1998 SC 1895. 

10. Ex-Capt. Harish Uppal v. Union of India, AIR 2003 SC 739. 

• UNIT-IV Selected opinions of the Bar Council of India 
• UNIT‐V Accountancy for lawyers: Need for maintenance of accounts‐ Books of accounts that need to be maintained‐ Cash Book, journal and ledger Elementary aspects of bookkeeping: Meaning, object, journal, double entry system, closing of accounts The cash and bulk transaction‐ The Cash book‐ Journal proper especially with reference to client’s accounts‐ Ledger, Trial balance and final accounts‐ Commercial mathematics. Mode of assessment: There shall be a written examination for this course for a maximum of 80 marks, and viva voce for 20 marks. The viva voce shall be conducted by the course teacher and the principal.

18. HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND PRACTICE 

• UNIT – I Jurisprudence of Human Rights; Nature, definition, origin and theories of human rights. 
• UNIT – II Universal protection of human rights‐ United Nations and Human Rights‐ Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966; International CovenantEconomic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966. 
• UNIT ‐ III Regional Protection of Human rights‐ European system‐ Inter-American System‐ African System 
• UNIT – IV Protection of Human Rights at national level; Human rights and the Constitution; The Protection Of Human rights Act, 1993. 
• UNIT ‐ V Human Rights and Vulnerable Groups: Rights of Women, Children, Disabled, Tribals, Aged and Minorities ‐ National and International legal developments 

19. RIGHT TO INFORMATION 

• UNIT‐I Right to Information before Right to Information Act, 2005; Significance in democracy, Constitutional basis, Supreme Court on right to information. 
• UNIT‐II RTI Act‐ definitions, Right to information and obligations of public authorities.
• UNIT‐III Central Information Commission, State Information Commission, Powers and functions of information commissions, Appeals and penalties. 
• UNIT‐IV Other related laws ‐ The Official Secrets Act, 1923, The Public Records Act, 1993, The Public Records Rules, 1997, The Freedom of Information Act, 2002, The Commission of Inquiry Act, 1952, The Commission of Inquiry (Central) Rules, 1972.
• UNIT‐V Best practices‐ A study of decisions rendered by state commissions and central Commission in the following areas of – Police, Revenue, PWD, Irrigation, Secretariat, BSNL, Posts and Telegraphs, ScheduledBanks, CPWD, Income Tax Department, Central Excise Department, Local Authorities. 

20. BANKING LAW 

• UNIT – I Indian Banking Structure ‐ Origin – Evolution of Banking Institutions – Types and functions of banks ‐ Commercial banks – Functions – Banking Companies in India – RBI ‐ Constitution, Management and Functions ‐ Banking Regulation Act, 1949 – State Bank of India‐ UTI, IDBI, RRBs’‐Local banks 
• UNIT ‐ II Employment of funds ‐ Loans and Advances‐ Guarantees‐ Advances secured by Collateral securities‐ Agency Services‐ Financing of Exports‐ Special Banking Services – Advances to Priority Sectors and Credit Guarantee schemes‐ Securitization Act, 2002. 
• UNIT ‐ III Law relating to Negotiable Instruments, 1881 Act (Read with the amended Act of 2002) ‐ Negotiable Instruments ‐ Kinds ‐ Holder and holder in due course – Parties – Negotiation‐ Assignment – Presentment – Endorsement – Liability of parties – Payment in due course – Special rules of evidence ‐ Material alteration – Noting and protest – Paying banker and collecting banker – Bills in sets – Penal provisions under NI Act ‐ Banker’s book Evidence Act. 
• UNIT – IV Banker and customer Relationship ‐ Definition of banker and customer – General relationship –Special relationship ‐ Banker’s duty of secrecy, banker’s duty to honour cheques, banker’s lien, and banker’s right to set off ‐ Appropriation of payments ‐ Garnishee order ‐ Customer’s duties towards his banker. Opening of New Accounts – Special types of customers ‐ Minor’s A/C, Joint A/C, Partnership A/C, Company’s A/C, Married women’s A/C, Trust A/C, Joint Hindu family A/C ‐ Illiterate persons, lunatics, executors ‐ Precautions required in case of administrators, clubs, societies and charitable institutions to open an account 
• UNIT – V Ancillary Services and E‐ Banking: Remittances ‐ General, DD, MT, TT, Traveler’s cheques, bank orders, credit card, debit/smart cards, safe deposit vaults, gift cheques, stock investment. E‐Banking ‐ Definition – E‐Banking includes ‐ Internet banking, mobile banking, ATM banking, computerised banking –E‐ banking services – retail services – wholesale services – E‐ Cheque‐ authentication‐Cyber Evidence‐ BankingOmbudsman. 

21. INSURANCE LAW 

• UNIT – I Introduction: Nature‐ Definition‐ History of Insurance‐ History and development of Insurance in India‐ Insurance Act, 1938‐ (main sections) Insurance Regulatory Authority Act, 1999: Its role and functions. 
• UNIT – II Contract of Insurance: Classification of contract of Insurance‐ Nature of various Insurance Contracts‐ Parties there to‐ Principles of good faith – non-disclosure – Misrepresentation in Insurance Contract‐ Insurable Interest‐ Premium: Definition method of payment, days of grace, forfeiture, return of premium, Mortality; The risk – Meaning and scope of risk, Causa Proxima, Assignment of the subject matter. 
• UNIT – III Life Insurance: Nature and scope of Life Insurance‐ Kinds of Life Insurance. The policy and formation of a life insurance contract‐ Event insured against Life Insurance contract‐ Circumstance affecting the risk‐ Amount recoverable under the Life Policy‐ Persons entitled to payment‐ Settlement of claim and payment of money‐ Life Insurance Act, 1956‐ Insurance against third party rights‐ General Insurance Act, 1972‐ The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – Sec. (140‐176), Nature and scope‐ Absolute or no fault liabilities, Third party or compulsory insurance of motors vehicles‐ Claims Tribunal Public Liability Insurance –Legal aspects of Motor Insurance –Claims – Own Damages Claims – Third Party Liability Claims. 
• UNIT – IV Fire Insurance: Nature and scope of Fire Insurance –Basic Principles – Conditions & Warranties – Right & Duties of Parties – Claims – Some Legal Aspects. Introduction to Agriculture Insurance – History of Crop Insurance in India – Crop Insurance Underwriting, Claims, Problems associated with Crop Insurance – Cattle Insurance in India. 
• UNIT – V Marine Insurance: Nature and Scope‐ Classification of Marine policies‐ Insurable interest‐ Insurable values‐ Marine insurance and policy‐ Conditions and express warranties‐ Voyage deviation‐ Perils of sea‐ Loss‐ Kinds of Loss‐ The Marine Insurance Act, 1963 (Sections 1 to 91). 

22. ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION SYSTEMS 

• UNIT‐I General; Different methods of dispute resolution; Inquisitorial method; Adversarial method; Other methods‐ both formal and informal‐ like Arbitration, Conciliation, Negotiation, Mediation, etc.; Advantages and disadvantages of above methods; Need for ADRs; International commitments; Domestic needs; Suitability of ADRs to particular types of disputes; Civil Procedure Code and ADRs 
• UNIT‐II Arbitration: Meaning of arbitration; Attributes of arbitration; General principles of arbitration; Different kinds of arbitration; Qualities and qualifications of an arbitrator; Arbitration agreement and its drafting; Appointment of arbitrator; Principal steps in arbitration; Arbitral award; Arbitration under Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. 
• UNIT‐III Conciliation: Meaning; Different kinds of conciliation‐ facilitative, evaluative, court annexed, voluntary and compulsory; Qualities of a conciliator; Duties of a conciliator; Role of a conciliator; Stages of conciliation; Procedure; Conciliation under statutes Industrial Disputes Act, 1947; Family Courts Act, 1984; Hindu Marriage Act, 1955; Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. 
• UNIT‐IV Negotiation: Meaning; Different styles of negotiation; Different approaches to negotiation; Phases of negotiation; Qualities of a negotiator; Power to negotiate.
• UNIT‐V Mediation: Meaning; Qualities of mediator; Role of mediator; Essential characteristics of the mediation process – voluntary, collaborative, controlled, confidential, informal, impartial & neutral, self-responsible; Different models of mediation; Code of conduct for mediators. 

23. CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE AND LIMITATION ACT 

• UNIT – I Civil Procedure Code Introduction; Distinction between procedural law and substantive law‐ History of the code, extent and its application, definition; Suits: Jurisdiction of the civil courts‐ Kinds of jurisdiction‐Bar on suits‐ Suits of civil nature (Sec.9); Doctrine of Res sub judice and Res judicata (Sec. 10,11 and 12); Foreign Judgment (Sec. 13, 14); Place of Suits (Ss. 15 to 20); Transfer of Cases (Ss. 22 to 25). 
• UNIT – II Institution of suits and summons: (Sec. 26, 0.4 and Sec. 27, 28, 31 and O.5); Interest and Costs (Sec. 34, 35, 35A, B); Pleading: Fundamental rules of pleadings‐ Plaint and Written Statement‐ Return and rejection of plaint‐ Defences‐ Set off‐ Counterclaim; Parties to the suit (O. 1): Joinder, misjoinder and non‐ joinder of parties‐ Misjoinder of causes of action‐ Multifariousness. 
• UNIT – III Appearance and examination of parties (O.9, O.18) ‐ Discovery, inspection and production of documents (O.11 & O.13) ‐ First hearing and framing of issues (O.10 and O.14) ‐ Admission and affidavit (O.12 and O.19) ‐ Adjournment (O.17) ‐ Death, marriage‐Insolvency of the parties (O.22) ‐ Withdrawal and compromise of suits (O.23) ‐ Judgment and Decree (O.20); Execution (Sec. 30 to 74, O.21): General principle of execution‐ Power of executing court‐ Transfer of decrees for execution‐ Mode of execution‐ a) Arrest and detention, b) Attachment, c) Sale. 
• UNIT – IV Suits in particular cases; Suits by or against Governments (Sec. 79 to 82, O.27); Suits by aliens and by or against foreign rulers, ambassadors (Sec. 85 to 87); Suits relating to public matters (Sec. 91 to 93); Suits by or against firms (O.30); Suits by or against minors and unsound persons (O.32); Suits by indigent persons (O.33); Inter‐pleader suits (Sec. 88, O.35); Interim Orders; Commissions (Sec. 75, O.26); Arrest before judgement and attachments before judgement (O.38); Temporary injunctions (O.39); Appointment of receivers (O.40); Appeals (Ss. 90 to 109, O.41, 42, 43, 45); Reference‐ Review and Revision(Ss. 113, 114, 115, O.46, O.46); Caveat (Sec. 144.A)‐ Inherent powers of the court (Ss. 148, 149, 151). 
• UNIT –V Limitation Act

24. COMPETITION LAW 

• UNIT‐I Constitutional provisions regulating trade; Salient features of MRTP Act, 1986; Salient features of Consumer Protection Act, 1986. 
• UNIT‐II Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890; Relevant provisions of Clayton Act, 1914; Relevant provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act; Salient features of U.K. Competition Act, 1998. 
• UNIT‐III Competition Act, 2002; Preliminary, Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant position and regulation of combinations. 
• UNIT‐IV Competition Commission of India; Duties, powers and functions. 
• UNIT‐V Duties of Director general; Penalties; Competition advocacy; Important judgments of the Supreme Court. 

25. LAW OF EVIDENCE 

• UNIT‐I distinctive analysis between substantive and procedural law, proof evidences in Hindu and Islamic Jurisprudence, Evidence that existed during customary law systems, ‘Principles of Evidence’ during the British era, Legislations dealing with evidence (other than Indian Evidence Act) with special reference to CPC, Bankers Book Evidence Act, Commercial Document Evidence Act, Fiscal and revenue Laws, important features of the Indian Evidence Act, 1861, Application of the Indian Evidence Act. Concept of Facts ‐ Facts in issue and relevant fact, kinds of evidence- Circumstantial and direct evidence, Presumptions, proved, disproved, not proved, Appreciation of evidence. Relevancy of Facts (section 5), Doctrine of Res gestae, Sections 6, 7, 8 and 9 of Evidence Act, Evidence based upon concept of Common Intention (Section10), Relevancy or otherwise irrelevant facts‐ Facts to prove right or custom (Section13) Facts concerning state of mind/body or bodily feelings (Sections 14 and 15) , Relevancy and admissibility of admissions, evidentiary value of admissions (Sections 17 to 23). 
• UNIT‐II concept of Relevancy and admissibility of confessions, Admissibility of information received from an accused person in custody, Confession of co‐accused (Sections 24 to 30), Admitted facts need not be proved (Section 58), Dying declaration (section 32), Judicial standards for appreciation of evidentiary value‐Section 32 with reference to English Law, other statements by persons who cannot be called as witnesses‐ (Sections 32(2) to (8), 33)‐ Statement under special, circumstances (Sections 34 to 39), Relevance of judgments (Sections 40 to Sec. 44), General Principles of Expert testimony (Sections 45‐50), Types of expert evidence, Problems of judicial defence to expert testimony. 
• UNIT‐III Meaning and relevance of Character evidence in Civil and Criminal cases (Sections 52‐55), Oral And documentary Evidence (Sections 59‐60) , General principles concerning documentary evidence (Sections 61‐90), General principles regarding exclusion by evidence (Sections 91‐100). 
• UNIT‐IV general concept of onus probandi (Section 101), General and special exception to onus probandi (Sections 102‐106), The justification of presumption and burden of proof (Sections 107 to 114) with special reference to presumption to legitimacy of child and presumption as to dowry death‐ Doctrine of judicial notice and presumptions. Estoppel: Scope of Estoppel ‐ Introduction as to its rationale (Section 115) Estoppel distinguished from Res judicata ‐ Waiver and Presumption‐ Kinds ofEstoppel‐ Equitable and Promissory Estoppel‐ Tenancy Estoppel (Section 116). 
• UNIT‐V Witness, Examination and Cross Examination: Competence to testify (Sections 118 to 120) ‐ Privileged communications (Sections 121 to 128) ‐ General principles of examination and cross examination (Sections 135 to 166) ‐ Leading questions (Sections 141‐ 145) ‐ Approver’s testimony (Section133) ‐ Hostile witnesses (Section 154) ‐ Compulsion to answer questions (Sections 147, 153) ‐ Questions of corroboration (Sections 156‐157) ‐ Improper admission of evidence.

26. TAXATION 

• UNIT – Concept of Tax‐ Nature and characteristics of taxes‐ Distinction between tax and fee, tax and chess‐ Direct and Indirect taxes‐ Tax evasion and tax avoidance‐ Scope of taxing powers of Parliament, StateLegislatures and Local bodies. The Income Tax Act: Basis of taxation of Income‐ Incomes exempted from tax‐ Income from salaries‐ Income from house property‐ Income from business or profession and vocation‐ Income from other sources‐ Taxation of individuals, HUF, firms, association of persons, Co‐ operative Societies and Non‐ Residents. 
• UNIT‐II Income Tax Authorities‐ Their appointment‐ Jurisdiction‐ Powers and functions Provisions relating to collection and recovery of tax‐ Refund of tax, appeal and revision provisions, offences and penalties. Wealth Tax: Charge of Wealth tax, assets, deemed assets, and assets exempted from tax Wealth tax Authorities‐ Offences and penalties. 
• UNIT‐ III Central Excise Laws: Nature, scope and basis of levy of Central Excise duty‐ Meaning of goods‐ Manufacture and manufacturer‐ Classification and valuation of goods‐ Duty payment and exemption provisions‐ Provisions and procedure dealing with registration and clearance of goods‐ An overview of set‐off of duty scheme.
• UNIT‐ IV Customs Laws: Legislative background of the levy‐ Appointment of Customs officers Ports‐ warehouses‐ Nature and restrictions on exports and imports‐ Levy, exemption and collection of customs duties, and overview of law and procedure ‐ Clearance of goods from the port, including baggage‐ Goods imported or exported by post, and stores and goods in transit‐ Duty drawback provisions. 
• UNIT V Central Sales Tax Laws: Evolution and scope of levy of Central Sales tax‐ Inter‐ State sale outside a State and sale in the course of import and export‐ Basic principles Registration of dealers and determination of taxable turnover; Service Tax – Main features of Service Tax; VAT‐ Introduction to ValueAdded Tax.

27. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS‐II 

• UNIT I Indian Copyright Law: Introduction and overview of copyright: History of the concept of copyright and related rights; Nature of copyright: Salient features of Copyright Act; Subject matter of copyright; Literary work; Dramatic work; Musical works; Artistic works; Cinematographic films; Sound recordings; Term of copyright; Computer software and copyright protection; Author and ownership of copyright; Rights conferred by copyright; Assignment, transmission and relinquishment of copyright; Infringement of copyright; Remedies against infringement of copyright
• UNIT II Biological Diversity Law: Introduction and overview of Biological Diversity; Meaning and scope of Biological Diversity; Biological resources and traditional knowledge; Salient features of Biological DiversityAct; Biological Diversity concerns and issues; Bio piracy; Regulation of access to Biological Diversity; National Biodiversity Authority; Functions and powers of Biodiversity Authority; State Biodiversity Board;Biodiversity Management Committee and its functions. 
• UNIT III Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Law: Legal concepts relating to the protection of plant varieties rights; Legal concepts relating to the protection of plant breeders rights; IPR in new plant varieties; Policy and objectives of protection of plant varieties and farmers rights act; Plant varieties and Farmers rights protection authority; National register of plant varieties; Procedure for registration; Rights and privileges; Benefit sharing; Compensation to communities; Compulsory licence; Relief against infringement; National Gene Fund. 
• UNIT IV Designs Law: Introduction and overview of Designs Law; Salient features of Designs Law; Procedure for registration; Rights conferred by registration; Copyright in registered designs; Infringement; Powers and duties and Controller; Distinction between design, trade mark, copyright & patent. 
• UNIT V International Treaties / Conventions on IPR: TRIPS Agreement: Background; Salient Features of TRIPS; TRIPS and Indian IPR; Berne Convention: Background; Salient features of Paris Convention; Convention of Bio‐Diversity: Objectives of CBD; Salient features of CBD; International IPR agreements affecting protection of plant varieties: The WTO Doha round of trade negotiations; International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources (“ITPGRFA”) 

28. WHITE COLLAR CRIMES (PRIVILEGED CLASS DEVIANCE) 

• UNIT – I Introduction ‐ Concept of white-collar crime – Indian approaches to socio‐economic offences‐ forms of privileged class deviance – official deviance (Legislators, judges and bureaucrats), professional deviance, trade union deviants, land law deviance, upper class deviance, police deviance, gender-based deviance, deviance by religious leaders and organisations. 
• UNIT ‐ II Official deviance; Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. 
• UNIT ‐ III Police and politicians’ deviance; N. N. Vohra Committee Report; Lokpal and Lokayukta institutions. 
• UNIT – IV Professional deviance; Medical profession ‐ The Lentin Commission Report; Legal profession – Opinions of Disciplinary Committee of Bar Council of India. 
• UNIT – V Gender based deviance – sexual harassment; Offences against scheduled castes and scheduled tribes 

29. WOMEN AND CRIMINAL LAW & LAW RELATING TO CHILD 

• UNIT‐I Women in Pre‐Constitution Period: Social and Legal Inequality; Social Reform Movement in India;Legislative response in India. Women & children in the Post‐Constitution Period. Provisions of Constitution ofIndia Preamble, Art.14, 15, 23, and Part IV Legal Measures in relating to Child Labor Women and PoliticalRepresentation. 
• UNIT‐II Different Personal Laws‐ Unequal Position of Indian Women‐Uniform Civil Code; Sex Inequality inInheritance Rights: Right of Inheritance by birth for Sons and not for Daughters; Inheritance under Christian Law; Inheritance under Muslim Law; Matrimonial Property Law; Right of Women to be Guardian Of her minor sons and daughters. 
• UNIT‐III Law of Divorce ‐ Christian Law‐Discriminatory Provision; Muslim Law‐ Inheritance divorce. Women and Social Legislation: Dowry Prohibition Law; Sex Determination Test, Law relating to Prevention Of Immoral Trafficking in Women Act.
• UNIT‐IV Women and Criminal Law: Adultery, Rape, Outraging the Modesty of Women; Kidnapping; Sati Prohibition Law; Law relating to Domestic Violence; Law relating Eve Teasing; Indecent Representation ofWomen Act. 
• UNIT‐V Women and Employment that included Factories Act, Provisions relating to women, Maternity Benefit Act, Equal Remuneration Act, Law Relating to Sexual Harassment at Working Place; , national Commission for Women- its functions and powers.

30. LAW RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE 

• UNIT I Historical background of International Trade, Institutions such as  UNCTAD, UNCITRAL, GATT (1947‐ 1994), World Trade Organization, its objectives, Power and structure, treatment given to most Favoured Nation, Tariffs and Safeguard measures. 
• UNIT II Technical barriers to Trade, Sanitary and Phyto‐ sanitary measures, Trade Related Investment Measures (TRIMs), Anti‐ Dumping, Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, Dispute resolution mechanism.
• UNIT III International Sales of Goods, Formation and Performance of International Contracts, Various Forms and Standardization of Terms, Acceptance and Rejection of Goods, Frustration of Contract, Invoices and packing, Product liability. 
• UNIT IV Exports – Insurance of Goods in Transit, Marine Insurance and its kinds, Law dealing with carrier of goods by sea, land and air, transport of container, Pre‐Shipment Inspection methods, Licensing of Export and Imports. 
• UNIT V Laws pertaining to Finance and Investments, Foreign Collaboration and Investment Policy, Foreign direct investment in Industries and Governing Policies,  Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs), Investment by Non‐resident Indians (NRIs) and Overseas Corporate Bodies (OCBs), Foreign collaboration Agreement, Foreign Technology Agreement, Foreign Companies and Nationals in India.

Language of the Entrance Exam

The language of the entrance exam shall be English.

Marking Scheme of the Entrance Exam

• According to the official notification of CUET PG, 2024, the new exam pattern paper comprises 75 multiple choice questions and each question carries 4 marks.
• For every correct answer, four marks will be awarded and for every incorrect answer, one mark will be deducted.
• No marks will be awarded or deducted for any question which is left unanswered.
• CUET PG 2024 Important Dates 

Event	Date and Time
Release of CUET PG application form	December 26, 2023
Last date to apply for CUET PG	January 31, 2024 (up to 11.50 pm)
Successful final transaction of fee	December 26, 2023 to February 01, 2024 (11.50 pm)
CUET PG 2024 Application form correction window	February 02, 2024 to February 04, 2024 (up to 11.50 pm)
CUET LLM exam date	March 11 to 28, 2024
Declaration of Results	Last week of March 2024 (tentative)
Release of DU LLM application form	March 2024 (tentative)
Last date for application submission	April 2024 (tentative)
Release of first merit list	April 2024 (tentative)

Seat Reservation

Caste based reservation policy as laid down by the Central Government is followed. Here are the reservation policy norms as applied by NTA:

Category	Seat Reservation
category of Economically Weaker Section (GEN-EWS)	10% of seats in every course
category of Non Creamy Layer (OBC-NCL)	27% of seats in every course
category comprising of Scheduled Caste (SC)	15% of seats in every course
category of Scheduled Tribe (ST)	7.5% of seats in every course
category based upon Persons with Disability (PwD)	5% of seats in each of the allotted reservation category

DU LLM application form 2024

DU LLM has started online registrations on the CUET PG portal for admissions into the DU LLM course. However, for DU LLM, the application form will begin tentatively in March 2024.

Candidates who are interested in pursuing LLM from Delhi University should fill out the application form and submit the registration fee before the deadline as mentioned in the table above. 

The DU LLM 2024 application form will be available online at CUET PG portal. Candidates will be required to enter their personal information, educational background, communication details and other relevant information on their application form.

Online registration for DU LLM 2024

• Visit the official DU admission portal- pgadmission.ud.ac.in
• Click on the ‘New Registration’ tab.
• Enter the following details:

1. CUET Application number
2. full name
3. date of birth, DOB
4. email id
5. and mobile number.

• The candidate must also specify the desired password.
• Complete the Captcha.
• Click on the Register button.

The candidate will find a screen somewhat of this kind as shown above.

Filling of application form 

• Login using your registered email id and password.
• You have to fill in your details such as personal, academic and communication.
• Selection of course will be asked where you have to fill the course as LLM.
• Under college preference, you have to select your preferences.
• After filling up the details, comes the documentation uploading step. Upload the necessary documents, such as scanned copies of photograph, signature, date of birth proof and caste certificate wherever applicable.
• Pay the required one time CSAS PG 2024 application fee.
• Please note that the fee is non refundable so try not to make any silly mistake while filling up the details.
• Submit the application form once the payment is done, and take a printout of this form and keep it for future reference. 

Documents specifications

• Documents that need to be uploaded will include self-attested copies of Class 10 and Class 12 marksheets, caste certificates (if applicable), age certificate, scanned image of passport size photograph, signature, etc.
• Always preview the application form and check the correctness of all the details as specified by you, for any change in them is not possible later on.
• Size, resolution and such details of the uploaded documents are given in the table below:

Document	Size (maximum)	Resolution (minimum)	Format
Photograph	50 KB	100px X 130px	.JPG/JPEG/PNG
Signature	50KB	140px X 60px	.JPG/JPEG/PNG
Self-attested identity proof	100 KB	–	.JPG/JPEG/PNG
Self-attested Class Xth Certificate (For Date of birth)	100 KB	–	.JPG/JPEG/PNG
Caste/ Reservation Certificate, if applicable	100 KB	–	.JPG/JPEG/PNG
CW Certificate, if applicable	100 KB	–	.JPG/JPEG/PNG
PwD Certificate, if applicable	100 KB	–	.JPG/JPEG/PNG

CUET PG LLM 2024 application fee 

• Candidates can pay the application fee using Credit Card/ Debit Card, Internet Banking or Demand Draft.
• Submit the application form after the payment is made.
• The fees for different categories are shown below in the table

Category	Centres in India		Centers Outside of India
	Fees (for up to 2 papers)	Additional Fees (per paper)	Fees (for up to 2 papers)	Additional Fees (per paper)
General	₹ 1200	₹ 600	₹ 6000	Rs. 2000/-
General-EWS or OBC-NCL	₹ 1000	₹ 500
SC/ST/Third gender	₹ 900	₹ 500
PwBD	₹ 800	₹ 500

CUET PG LLM admission procedure 2024

The university prepares a Merit List based on the number of applicants and their scores in the Entrance Exam. Candidates included in the Merit List are invited for counselling and document verification.

Post Counselling, shortlisted candidates have to complete the admission process by submitting the admission and course fees.

DU LLM counselling 2024

The Faculty of Law, Delhi University, will publish the DU LLM 2024 counselling schedule. Last year, i.e., in 2023, candidates were invited for the counselling of DU LLM 2023 based on the Merit lists and were required to submit the necessary documents and pay the counselling fee to complete the admission process.

The documents which were necessary at the time of the counselling process are given below:

• Certificates and mark sheets of qualifying examinations
• CUET PG 2023 admit card
• Character certificate
• SC/ST/PwD/OBC certificate (if applicable)
• Original photographs
• Age Certificate
• Print out of DU LLM 2023 registration form
• Other necessary documents, as notified by the university

DU LLM cut off 2024

The cut off is the minimum marks that are necessary for admission to different LLM courses at Delhi University. The Candidates securing marks within the cut off for DU LLM 2024 will be eligible for admission.

Factors determining DU LLM cut off

The cut off is prepared category wise considering various factors such as

• Total marks secured by candidates, 
• Number of seats offered by the University
• Total number of applicants in the law entrance test
• Category of the candidate 
• Reservations and category wise seats offered by the university
• difficulty level of the exam and the category of the candidate.

Why to check previous years cut off

1. To get an idea about the possibility of getting admission in Delhi University LLM program, one should have a look at the previous year cut offs.   
2. Candidates preparing for the DU LLM course would get a detailed insight into the difficulty level of the entrance exam, and that can help them align their preparation as per the requirement.
3. It also helps to prepare for that target source and put all their efforts to achieve the same. 
4. It might also help the candidates realise how much competition there is for the test. This information proves useful in determining whether or not to take the examination.

Previous years cut offs

DU LLM cut off 2021

Category	Cut off Rank	Cut off Marks
Unreserved (UR)	37	228
Other Backward Classes (OBC)	84	180
Scheduled caste (SC)	150	114
Scheduled tribe (ST)	133	131
Economically weaker section (EWS)	188	76

DU LLM cut off 2020

Categories	Round I	Round II	Round III
	Cut off Marks, Combined Rank	Cut off Marks, Combined Rank	Cut off Marks, Combined Rank
Unreserved (UR)	223,26	210,38	204,44
Other Backward Classes (OBC)	181,67	170,78	168,80
Scheduled caste (SC)	151,97	146,102	141,107
Scheduled tribe (ST)	104,144	100,148	–
Economically weaker section (EWS)	183,65	164,84	162,86

DU LLM cut off 2019

Categories	Round I	Round II	Round III
	Cut off Marks, Combined Rank	Cut off Marks, Combined Rank	Cut off Marks, Combined Rank
Unreserved (UR)	240,31	236,35	235,36
Other Backward Classes (OBC)	207,64	203,68	202,69
Scheduled caste (SC)	187,84	181,90	180,91
Scheduled tribe (ST)	154,117	131,140	131,140
Economically weaker section (EWS)	205,66	200,71	200,71

Tips and tricks to prepare for CUET PG LLM 2024  

Making an effective plan is always advisable whenever you want to achieve a particular goal.

The candidates must have a strategy to have an edge over the CUET PG LLM entrance exam 2024.

Some preparation tips and tricks are given below which the candidates can go for:

• Difficulty level of subjects: Prepare a study plan according to the difficulty level of the subjects.
• Know the syllabus well: Read the syllabus thoroughly, the exam pattern and go through the recommended books to increase the understanding and hence the effectiveness of the preparation.
• Timeline: Give sufficient time to analyse all the subjects as per the syllabus and then proceed according to the strategy.
• Understand the topics and the concepts underlying as mentioned in CUET PG LLM syllabus.
• Note making: Make your own short notes and revise them regularly to memorise all the important facts.
• Make use of practice papers: Practise previous years CUET PG LLM Entrance exam question papers and evaluate your score. Check previous years cut offs and compare where your preparation lies and proceed accordingly.
• Stay updated: Read daily newspapers and stay updated with the latest legal scenarios across the nation.
• Practising as many papers as you can, for it will help in reducing exam anxiety as well.

Books recommended for CUET PG LLM 2024 Entrance Exam preparation

Before we continue on to the preparation books, here are some helpful tips you should keep in mind while searching for the most effective CUET PG DU Entrance exam 2024.

• Familiarise yourself with the summary of the book (which you may find online) before you plan to buy it.This will give you an idea of what the book entails and what you can expect from it once you have bought it. 
• Always go for the latest edition for law is a dynamic subject which requires  amendments from time to time.
• Try to buy books that contain previous years’ papers and a few sample papers too, for your practice.
• Reading some reviews of the book is recommended before you buy it to know what to expect from it and make an informed decision about whether or not to purchase it.

Highly recommended books for CUET PG LLM 2024

Check the list of CUET PG LLM Entrance Exam Book 2024 below:

Book Name	Author/Publication
S.S. Handbook for LLM Entrance Exam	Singhal Law Publications
Universal Guide to LLM Entrance Exam	Gaurav Mehta
Ascent’s Law Guide for LLM Entrance Exam	Ashok. K Jain
Singhal’s Solved Papers of LLM	Singhal Law Publications
S.S. HandBook for LL.M. Entrance Exam (based on the new syllabus)	Vishal Singh
CUET PG LLM Guide (Paperback)	Arihant Experts
The Pearson Guide to the CUET PG LLM Entrance Exam ( Paperback)	Pearson India

General FAQs on DU LLM 

What is the fee for LLM at DU?

The total fee of DU for the two and three year LLM program ranges between INR 10,038 and INR 14,837.

Which college under DU offers an LLM program?

DU offers an LLM program via the Campus Law Centre under the University.

Does the DU Law centre have a Moot Court Society and Legal Aid Society?

Yes, the Law centre has its own moot court society to develop mooting skills of its students. They also organise Moot Court competitions from time to time that are one of the best amongst all the moot courts in this country.

How to fill the DU LLM Application Form?

Aspirants will have to visit the official website and that is pgadmission.uod.ac,in order to apply for DU LLM 2024.

What is the fee for DU LLM application?

The DU LLM application fee for unreserved and OBC candidates is Rs. 250 and for the SC/ST/PwD candidates, it is Rs. 100.

What is the eligibility criteria for DU LLM admission?

Candidates must have cleared a 3 year or 5 year LLB degree from a recognized college/ university/ centre to be eligible for admission to DU LLM.

What is the age limit to apply for DU LLM?

There is no age limit to apply for this program provided the candidate fulfils all the other eligibility criteria as mentioned above.

How do the authorities determine the cut off?

The total number of seats that are being offered by the University, the number of applicants, the candidate’s category, the difficulty level of the exam and the reservation policy are all the elements that are considered while determining the Cut off.

Does the DU LLM Cut off remains the same for every year?

No, the minimum grade required for admission in the DU LLM program does not remain the same. It changes from year to year according to a variety of criteria as mentioned in the answer above.

Do minimum scores secured in school or college determine the admission in DU LLM program? 

No, the grades in the school or college does not matter. They do not have any bearing on whether or not you will be admitted to law school. However other factors are considered such as character certificate, X class certificate and so on. Kindly check the documents required for admission as mentioned in the article above.

How many seats are offered by the Faculty of Law, University of Delhi for the LLM program?

A total of 125 seats are offered by the Faculty of Law, University of Delhi for the LLM program.

On the basis of which examination DU LLM 2024 admission will be given?

Delhi University will require the candidate’s score in CUET PG 2024 for admissions in LLM course in Delhi University.

Does DU offer a one year LLM?

No, DU does not offer a one year LLM. DU offers Masters in Law (LLM) as a two year and three year full time degree.

Can a candidate appear for DU LLM during his final year of LLB?

Yes, a candidate can appear for the DU LLM entrance exam if he/she is in the final semester of LLB (three year or five year integrated course).

However, the candidate must meet all the eligibility criteria at the time of admission in the DU LLM course.

What is the Contact Address of DU LLM Faculty of Law?

The address is as follows:

Campus Law Centre, Faculty of Law, University of Delhi

Chhatra Marg (North Campus), Delhi-110007, india

Ph: +91-11-27667895

What are the NTA DU LLM 2024 entrance Test Helpdesk details?

The details are as follows:

www.nta.ac.in/DuetExam

Helpdesk Numbers: 9453827203, 9455874491, 9455874492, 9455874494

Helpdesk Email: [email protected]